yamnaya culture religionyamnaya culture religion

The Warriors Who Shaped African History: The Horsemen of Oyo, Royal Mistress Jane Shore Walked Streets of London in her Underwear, Leonardo Da Vincis Notes Show He Understood Gravity Long Before Newton, Talks Begin on Repatriating Remains of Patrick Sarsfield, Irish War Hero, The Ramessid Dynasty: A Golden Era in Ancient Egypt, The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse: Unleashing the End of the World, Unraveling the Mystery of the Carnac Stones: An Ancient Puzzle of Epic Proportions, Unraveling the Enigma of Aramu Muru, The Mysterious Gate of the Gods, Alleged Sighting of the Mythical Manananggal in the Philippines Causes Public Anxiety. So, Religion as we think of it, to me, all starts in a general way withAnimism(Africa: 100,000 years ago) (theoretical belief in supernatural powers/spirits), then this is physically expressed in or withTotemism(Europe: 50,000 years ago) (theoretical belief in mythical relationship with powers/spirits through a totem item), which then enlists a full-time specific person to do this worship and believed interactingShamanism(Siberia/Russia: 30,000 years ago) (theoretical belief in access and influence with spirits through ritual), and then there is the further employment of myths and gods added to all the above giving youPaganism(Turkey: 12,000 years ago) (often a lot more nature-based than most current top world religions, thus hinting to their close link to more ancient religious thinking it stems from). Paleolithic Totem Venuses become the later Goddesses of the Neolithic and beyond? Moreover, we detect genetic interactions with western Eurasian steppe populations and reconstruct, genomes from two Early Bronze Age individuals without western Eurasian ancestry. Between 2010-2012 I worked in the Limerick City Archives. In Egyptian mythology,Nutis the sky mother andGebis the earth father).ref, Atutelary(alsotutelar) is adeityorspiritwho is a guardian, patron, or protector of a particular place, geographic feature, person, lineage, nation, culture, or occupation. Intriguingly, Indo-Iranian and especially Tocharian were impacted less heavily by the later, more radical shift towards agriculture that manifests itself in the European branches, indicating that they were culturally but also geographically more peripheral. Some Ancient North Eurasians also carried East Asian populations, such as Tianyuan Man.ref, Bronze-age-steppe Yamnaya and Afanasevo cultures were ANE at around 50% and Eastern Hunter-Gatherer (EHG) at around 75% ANE. Ancestors are therefore themselves tutelaries to be worshiped. Western astrology, one of the oldest astrological systems still in use, can trace its roots to 19th17th century BCEMesopotamia, from where it spread toAncient Greece,Rome, theIslamicate worldand eventuallyCentralandWestern Europe. Archaeological data suggests that the Botai were sedentary pastoralists and also domesticated dogs. ref, In a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of Eurasian individuals, we find that Principal Component Analysis #1 separates eastern and western Eurasian populations, Principal Component Analysis #2 splits eastern Eurasians along a north-south cline, and Principal Component Analysis #3 captures variation in western Eurasians with Caucasus and northeastern European populations at opposite ends (Fig. How it is possible that Russian and Sanskrit are descendants from English and Latin? While the rest of their ancestry is derived from the Dzudzuana cave individual dated ~26 kya, which lacked ANE-admixture, Dzudzuana affinity in the Caucasus decreased with the arrival of ANE at ~13 kya Satsurblia.ref, Scandinavian Hunter-Gatherer(SHG) is represented by several individuals buried atMotala, Sweden ca. Indo-Europeans and the Yamnaya Culture - Substack There are other theories still, such as the Anatolian hypothesis and Out-of-India theory, but none of them have the amount of convincing evidence that the Kurgan hypothesis and it's revisions have. White (light complexion skin) Bigotry and Sexism started 7,000 years ago? The sign is a voice which comes to me and always forbids me to do something which I am going to do, but never commands me to do anything, and this is what stands in the way of my being a politician.ref, Tutelary deities who guard and preserve a place or a person are fundamental toancient Roman religion. The team from the University of Helsinki and . For instance, Ancient Near Eastern andTurkicKipchaqmyths are prone to associate dogs with healing and generally categorized dogs as impure. Prehistoric Egypt 40,000 years ago to The First Dynasty 5,150 years ago. These results indicated strong regional differentiations and a long history of cultivation in each region., The most commonly cited hypothesis associates the family with the Neolithic, agriculture. Monotheism is almost universally rejected within Paganism and most Pagan traditions are particularly interested in the revival of ancient polytheist religious traditions. ref, Religion may be defined as a set of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of the universe, especially when considered as the creation of a superhuman agency or agencies, usually involving devotional and ritual observances, and often containing a moral code governing the conduct of human affairs, whereas ritual is an established or prescribed procedure for religious or other rites. ref. Cereal remains, cutting tools and a plowshare alleged to be found in Yamnaya contexts. But controversy remains about the time and place of the origins of the family. Damien Marie AtHope (At Hope)Axiological Atheist, Anti-theist, Anti-religionist, Secular Humanist. Around 5,000 years ago there are the full elements seem to be grouping together with its connected set of Dogmatic-Propaganda-Closure belief strains of sacralized superstitionism that took different forms of behavior in different areas of the world. Isaiah 43:10 You are my witnesses, declares the LORD, and my servant whom I have chosen, so that you may know and believe me and understand that I am he. Totemism 50,000 years old: related to Anarchism and Socialism, Australia & Aboriginal Religion at least around 50,000 years old, Modern Humans start around 50,000 years ago Helped by Feminisation, Out of Africa: the evolution of religion seems tied to the movement of people, Totemism and Shamanism Dispersal Theory Expressed around 50,000 to 30,000 years ago, Back-migrations to Africa, Starting with Eurasia to North Africa around 45,000 years ago. The tutelary deity ofPraenestewasFortuna, whose oracle was renowned.ref, The Roman ritual ofevocatiowas premised on the belief that a town could be made vulnerable to military defeat if the power of its tutelary deity were diverted outside the city, perhaps by the offer of superior cult at Rome. Remains found at an excavation site used in the study, which has revealed clues to the Yamnaya Cultures migration to Europe. Unlike the archaeological Yamnaya homeland, the linguistic homeland of the core Indo-European language community cannot be located in the eastern steppe, but must be situated around, and extending to the west of, the Dnieper River. km. Show one:Prehistory: related to Anarchism and Socialism the division of labor, power, rights, and recourses. Rational thinkers must ask themselves why continue to believe in religions stories. Many books and videos show depictions of vast work forces hewing blocks of stone in the hot desert sun and carefully setting them into place. Divergence into genetically distinct sub-populations within Western Eurasia is a result of increasedselection pressureandfounder effectsduring theLast Glacial Maximum(LGM,Gravettian). Some scholars argue that modern Judaism evolved fromYahwism, the religion ofancient Israel and Judah, by the late 6th century BCE, and is thus considered to be one of the oldest monotheistic religions.ref, Yahwismis the name given by modern scholars to the religion ofancient Israel, essentiallypolytheistic, with a plethora ofgodsandgoddesses. Inlate GreekandRoman religion, one type of tutelary deity, thegenius, functions as the personal deity ordaimonof an individual from birth to death. The settlements of the Botai which consisted of, were relatively large and permanent. 4.3. 5650-5540 BCE belonged to Y-haplogroup R1b1a1a and mitochondrial haplogroup U5a1d.[9][10]. They were also worshiped as deities. According to the prevailing Kurgan hypothesis, the original homeland of the Proto-Indo-Europeans may have been in the PonticCaspian steppe of eastern Europe. The Peopling of the Americas Pre-Paleoindians/Paleoamericans around 30,000 to 12,000 years ago, Hunter-Gatherer/Indigenous Peoples Religiosity, Beliefs, and Practices, Starting 30,000 Years Ago is the Sitting Venus Phenomena, Shamanism 30,000 years old: related to Anarchism and Socialism. In [England] [h]e is the Brownie. Did Neanderthals teach us Primal Religion (Pre-Animism/Animism? Instead, all that is found is largely fragments until the domestication of religion. I have written a book and several peer reviewed journal articles. They also grew peas and beans, though there is no solid evidence that they actually made, There is also evidence that they may have kept bees.. What is the origin of the legend of the Christed Son who was born of a virgin on December 25th? Rational thinkers must examine the facts instead of blindly following beliefs or faith. MakilingandMaria CacaoandMaria Sinukuan. There is no definitive archaeological evidence to connect the Yamnaya to the subcontinent. Gods too are the myths of cultures that did not understand science or the world around them, seeing magic/supernatural everywhere. As these farmers moved across north-eastern Asia over thousands of years, the descendant languages spread north and west into Siberia and the steppes and east into the Korean peninsula and over the sea to the Japanese archipelago.ref, Eurasiatic is a proposed language with many language families historically spoken in northern, western, and southern Eurasia; which typically include Altaic (Mongolic, Tungusic, and Turkic), Chukchi-Kamchatkan, EskimoAleut, Indo-European, and Uralic. ref, Voiced stops such as /d/ occur in the Indo-European, Yeniseian, Turkic, Mongolian, Tungusic, Japonic and Sino-Tibetan languages. In New Zealand this past New Year's Eve 2022-2023, a wealthy American hosted a private fireworks display for his family and guests on their country . Admixture rates varied geographically; in the late Neolithic, WHG ancestry in farmers in Hungary was at around 10%, in Germany around 25%, and in Iberia as high as 50%. Finlands Horned Shaman and Pre-Horned-God at least 4,500 years ago? This culture lasted a very long time, until around 3000 BCE. Pre-Animism(at least 300,000 years ago) pre-religion is a beginning that evolves into later Animism. The graves also had an overburden of horse remains; it cannot yet be determined decisively if these horses were domesticated and ridden or not, but they were certainly used as a meat-animal. Once the soil was exhausted, residents picked up their belongings, moved to new lands, and constructed new villages. ref, Bayesian modeling applied to a dataset of new and published radiocarbon dates derived from domesticated millet grains suggests that after their initial cultivation in the crescent around the Bohai Sea ca. Strikingly, they seem to be structured into three distinct west-east genetic clines running between different western and eastern Eurasian groups, instead of being evenly spaced in PC space. [8], Mathieson et al. Genetic studies have also indicated that these populations derived large parts of their ancestry from the steppes. ref, According to Pavel Dolukhanov (1996) the emergence of the Pit-Grave culture represents a social development of various local Bronze Age cultures, representing an expression of social stratification and the emergence of chiefdom-type nomadic social structures, which in turn intensified inter-group contacts between essentially heterogeneous social groups. ref, According to Mallory (1999), The origin of the Yamnaya culture is still a topic of debate, with proposals for its origins pointing to both Khvalynsk and Sredny Stog. ref, Around 5,000 years ago,Origin of Logicsis a Naturalistic Observation (principles of valid reasoning, inference, & demonstration)ref, Around 4,150 to 4,000 years ago: The earliest surviving versions of the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh, which was originally titled He who Saw the Deep (Sha naqba muru) or Surpassing All Other Kings (Shtur eli sharr) were written. By about 5040 ka a basal West Eurasian lineage had emerged, as had a separateEast Asianlineage. A group of researchers have carried out a study of genomes from individuals who lived in the Late Neolithic era. Yamnaya people also used milk to make cheese and yogurt. In Ugaritic the plural form meaning gods isilhm, equivalent to Hebrewelhmpowers. In the society in which it is told, a creation myth is usually regarded as conveying profoundtruthsmetaphorically,symbolically,historically, orliterally. Most, if not all, cultures have attached importance to what they observed in the sky, and somesuch as the. Among the material recovered from the fired clay used in the floors of Cucuteni-Tripolye dwellings, imprints of hulled wheat, naked six-row barley, and hulled barley have been recovered, although the latter was only rarely represented. Freud preferred to emphasize the psychoanalytic implications of the reification of metaphysical forces, but with particular emphasis on its familial nature. Source: Urs Dardel / Archologischer Dienst des Kanton Bern, My name is Edward Whelan and I graduated with a PhD in history in 2008. The genetic sequencing of individuals is changing how we view the genetic turnover of the Late Neolithic period. Latin is not very old language in relation to Sanskrit. The most recent of them were the most Mongoloid as populations shifted from east to west. The etymology of tutelary expresses the concept of safety and thus of guardianship. They also hunted deer and wild game. Our side the Left is more often on the fact side, the other side the Right is a cesspool of mythology, propaganda, cult, conspiracy theories, and anti-intellectualism generally, or at least it seems as so many are out and proud of such foolishness. Consequently, Greek mythology received minimal scholarly attention until the first decade of the 21st century. ref, Although Scythians are considered relatively conservative in regards to Proto-Indo-European cultures, retaining a similar lifestyle and culture, their mythology has very rarely been examined in an Indo-European context and infrequently discussed in regards to the nature of the ancestral Indo-European mythology. . ANE ancestry among Jmon people is estimated at 21%, however, there is a North to South cline within the Japanese archipelago, with the highest amount of ANE ancestry in Hokkaido and Tohoku.ref, Ancient North EurasianComparative Mythology, Since the term Ancient North Eurasian refers to a genetic bridge of connected mating networks, scholars ofcomparative mythologyhave argued that they probably shared myths and beliefs that could be reconstructed via the comparison of stories attested within cultures that were not in contact for millennia and stretched from thePonticCaspian steppeto theAmerican continent. , transplanted more than 800 miles from their homeland on the steppe to the Pannonian Basin in central Europe. He hypothesizes that the Tripolye culture was taken over by PIE speakers by c. 4000 BCE or 6,021 years ago, and that in its final phase the Tripolye culture expanded to the steppes, morphing into various regional cultures which fused with the late Sredny Stog pastoralist cultures, which, he suggests, gave rise to the Yamnaya culture. ref, According to Anthony (2007), the early Yamnaya horizon spread quickly across the PonticCaspian steppes between c.3400 and 3200BCE or 5,421-5,221 years ago: The spread of the Yamnaya horizon was the material expression of the spread of late Proto-Indo-European across the PonticCaspian steppes. The Yamnaya were a nomadic people who brought livestock with them and used horses to pull wagons that carried all their belongings. Anja Furtwngler of the University of Tbingens told Heritage Daily that remarkably, we identified several female individuals without any detectable steppe-related ancestry up to 1000 years after this ancestry arrived in the region. This meant that the two groups did not merge over a space of years, which also indicates something about their society. Some deities, like the weather god *Perkunos or the herding-god *Phusn, are only attested in a limited number of traditions Western (European) and Graeco-Aryan, respectively and could therefore represent late additions that did not spread throughout the various Indo-European dialects. ref, Some myths are also securely dated to Proto-Indo-European times, since they feature both linguistic and thematic evidence of an inherited motif: a story portraying a mythical figure associated with thunder and slaying a multi-headed serpent to release torrents of water that had previously been pent up; a creation myth involving two brothers, one of whom sacrifices the other in order to create the world; and probably the belief that the Otherworld was guarded by a watchdog and could only be reached by crossing a river. ref, Various schools of thought exist regarding possible interpretations of the reconstructed Proto-Indo-European mythology. My Steppe-Anatolian-Kurgan hypothesis 8,000/7,000 years ago, 7,522-6,522 years ago Linear Pottery culture which I think relates to Arcane Capitalisms origins, Arcane Capitalism: Primitive socialism, Primitive capital, Private ownership, Means of production, Market capitalism, Class discrimination, and Petite bourgeoisie (smaller capitalists). Also, recent archaeogenetic studies trace multiple large-scale trans-Eurasian migrations over the last several millennia using ancient inner Eurasian genomes, including individuals from the Eneolithic Botai culture in northern Kazakhstan in the 4thmillennium BCE. Theskyoften has important religious significance. Indo-European cereal terminology suggests a Northwest Pontic homeland for the core Indo-European languages. And similarly. To study the genetic structure and kin relations in CWC communities, we . Strongly agro-pastoralist economy (wheat, barley, millet). ref, The Sredny Stog culture seems to have had contact with the agricultural Cucuteni-Trypillian culturein the west, centered on modern-dayMoldova,and was a contemporary of theKhvalynsk culturein the north-east, located in the middleVolga region. "Veda" - means knowledge even in modern . Even thegargoylesfound on older churches, could be viewed as guardians partitioning a sacred space.ref, For centuries, Christianity fought a mop-up war against these lingering minor pagan deities, but they proved tenacious. Our data thus suggest a WesternEurasian steppeorigin for at least part of the ancient Xinjiang population. However, since these branches share the Indo-European words for plow and pound grain, they must, too, somehow have been involved in or at least connected to the establishment of the core Indo-European continuum in the West Pontic region. Nefer Say Nefer - Was Nefertiti Buried in the Valley of the Queens? These survived Christianisation asfairy-like creatures existing in folklore, such as the Anglo-ScottishBrownieand SlavicDomovoy.ref, Household deities were usually worshipped not in temples but in the home, where they would be represented by smallidols(such as theteraphimof theBible, often translated as household gods in Genesis 31:19 for example),amulets,paintings,or reliefs. Yamnaya culture or at least Proto-Indo-European Languages/Religions may actually relate back to North Asia? There is a 1500 year gap between the Yamnaya (3300-2800 bc) and the Tumulus and Urnfield (1300 bc) cultures, which can be seen as the earliest Celtic cultures or ancestral to the Celtic culture. 3300 BCE, it gradually developed into a network of increasingly evolved and disconnected varieties of Indo-European speech, thus foreshadowing the final fragmentation of the language and the movements of the various branches into Europe and Asia. By the early 3rd millennium BCE, they had expanded throughout the PonticCaspian steppe and into eastern Europe. , the migration becomes even clearer: People buried in kurgans on the Hungarian Plain derived most or all of their ancestry from people who had lived on the steppe a few centuries (at most) before. Research into the genetic history of Europe became possible in the second half of the 20th century, but did not yield results with a high resolution before the 1990s. The book comes out in July,but you can pre-order it here. Our open community is dedicated to digging into the origins of our species on planet earth, and question wherever the discoveries might take us. Yamnaya culture was a Bronze Age culture that flourished in the steppes of modern-day Ukraine and Russia. Ketmythologywith those of speakers ofUralic languages, assuming in the studies that they are modelingsemioticsystems in the compared mythologies. Natufians: an Ancient People at the Origins of Agriculture and Sedentary Life. On this basis,David W. Anthonyargues that theIndo-European languageswere originally spoken by EHGs. ref, ref, In the earlier horizon of Mikhailovka site, impressions of emmer wheat, hulled barley, and millet have been identified in nine potsherds out of 2491, suggesting that agriculture might have been part of the subsistence economic activities. Culture Street on Instagram: "True Religion [Section Ricky] SOLD Think, how often is it the powerless that start wars, oppress others, or commit genocide? The paper by Underhill et al. Although Chinese linguists generally includeKraDaiandHmongMien languageswithin Sino-Tibetan, most other linguists have excluded them since the 1940s. Related sites are Varfolomeyevka on the Russian-Kazakh border[3] (5500 BCE), which has parallels in Dzhangar (Kalmykia),[4] and Mykol'ske, on the Dnieper. The advent of ancient DNA, especially in the last decade, has shifted the paradigm once more. (2016:10) note a cline of ANE ancestry across the east-west extent of Eurasia. The ancient Bronze-age-steppeYamnayaandAfanasevocultures were found to have a noteworthy ANE component at ~50%.ref, According to Moreno-Mayar et al. I see all religious people as at least animists, so, all religions have at least some amount, kind, or expression of animism as well. The majority of linguistic work during the 19th century was devoted to the reconstruction of PIE or its daughter proto-languages (such as Proto-Germanic and Proto-Indo-Iranian), and many of the modern techniques of linguistic reconstruction (such as the comparative method) were developed as a result. ref, PIE is hypothesized to have been spoken as a single language from 4500to 2500BCE or 6,521-4,521 years ago, during the Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age, though estimates vary by more than a thousand years. There are lots of different kinds of migrations. Its not exactly counterintuitive to guess that people from the steppe, whom we identify with the Yamnaya Culture, moved from one place to the other. The myths should not be understood as attempts to work out a rational explanation of deity.ref, While creation myths are not literalexplications, they do serve to define an orientation of humanity in the world in terms of a birth story. A male buried at Lebyazhinka, radiocarbon dated to 5640-5555 calBCE, and often referred to by scholars of archaeogenetics as the "Samara hunter-gatherer" (a.k.a. Contrary to the frequent erroneous statement made by some authors that Rome has no myth, the Romans possessed a very complex mythological system, parts of which have been preserved through the characteristic Roman tendency to rationalize their myths into historical accounts. Genetic loci reported to be under positive selection in the common ancestor of modern Eurasians are represented by rs1881227 inKITLG, and those independently evolved in Europeans and East Asians, indicating possible convergent evolution, are represented by rs12913832 inOCA2and rs885479 inMC1R, respectively. ref, The study says Japanese, Korean and Turkish languages all emerged from a common ancestor in northeast China. ANE ancestry developed from a sister lineage ofWest-Eurasianswith significant admixture from earlyEast Asians. ref. Addressing Religious violence, belief in Gods as a motivation for harm? Today, however, they are seen as symbolic narratives which must be understood in terms of their own cultural context. Yamnaya ancestry: mapping the Proto-Indo-European expansions We used three recently active transposons (TSI-1,TSI-7, andTSI-10) as genome-wide markers and succeeded in demonstrating geographical structures of the foxtail millet. Europeans share more language and genes with Asia than previously Ils rvlaient, du point de vue gntique, qu'une migration de masse de peuples des steppes appartenant la culture Yamna affecta l'Europe du centre et du nord l'ge du Bronze Ancien. This fact also tells us that the stream of movement went in both directions. Herders moving through those valleys brought southwestern Asian crops into China and eastern Asian crops back the other way, says archaeologist Robert Spengler of the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. Creation by the splitting or ordering of a primordial unity such as the cracking of a. Originator deity which is awakened or an eternal entity within the abyss. These Bronze Age population replacements are associated with theBeaker culturearchaeologically and with theIndo-European expansionlinguistically.ref, As a result of the population movements during the Mesolithic to Bronze Age, modern European populations are distinguished by differences in WHG, EEF, and ANE ancestry. 2andSupplementary Fig. THANANIT - stock.adobe.com. Haplogroup N1 reaches a maximum frequency of approximately 95% in the Nenets (40% N1c and 57% N1b) and Nganassans (all N1b), two Uralic tribes of central-northern Siberia, and 90% among the Yakuts (all N1c), a Turkic people who live mainly in the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic in central-eastern Siberia. ref, Haplogroup N is a descendant of East Asian macro-haplogroup NO.